Apparatus and methods for radio frequency signal boosters

ABSTRACT

Provided herein are apparatus and methods for radio frequency signal boosters for cellular and broadcast television signals with Wi-Fi signals transmission function. Cell phone, Wi-Fi, and broadcast television signals are boosted and retransmitted over a shared antenna or over more than one antenna. In certain implementations, a multi-band signal booster is configured to provide signal path gain to at least three signal paths: a first signal path configured to receive a first time division duplexed Wi-Fi signal, a second signal path configured to receive a first frequency division duplexed mobile or cellular signal, and a second signal path configured to receive a broadcast television signal.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/585,080, filed May 2, 2017, titled “APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR RADIOFREQUENCY SIGNAL BOOSTERS,” which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 15/229,525, filed Aug. 5, 2016, titled “APPARATUSAND METHODS FOR RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNAL BOOSTERS,” which is acontinuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/863,771, filed Sep.24, 2015, titled “APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNALBOOSTERS FOR CELLULAR AND BROADCAST TELEVISION SIGNALS WITH WIFI SIGNALSTRANSMISSION FUNCTION,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 62/056,344, filed Sep. 26, 2014, titled “APPARATUS ANDMETHODS FOR RADIO FREQUENCY SIGNAL BOOSTERS FOR CELL PHONE, WIFI, ANDBROADCAST TELEVISION SIGNALS,” the entirety of which is herebyincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

Embodiments of the invention relate to electronic systems and, inparticular, to radio frequency (RF) signal boosters.

BACKGROUND

A cellular or mobile network can include base stations for communicatingwith wireless devices located within the network's cells. For example,the base stations can transmit signals to wireless devices via adownlink channel and can receive signals from the wireless devices viaan uplink channel.

A Wi-Fi network can include several access points for communicating withclose proximity Wi-Fi enabled devices such as laptops and smartphones.For example, a Wi-Fi access point can transmit signals via a Wi-Fidownlink channel to Wi-Fi enabled devices, such as computers orsmartphones, and can receive Wi-Fi signals via a Wi-Fi uplink channel.

Broadcast television transmission refers to the transmission of radiofrequency television channels within designated frequency bands by atelevision transmitter. The transmitted signal is captured by atelevision antenna, and channels are tuned by a television receiver.

SUMMARY

In one embodiment, a radio frequency signal booster includes a timedivision duplex (TDD) circuit and a frequency division duplex (FDD)circuit. The TDD circuit is configured to amplify, pass, or process anuplink signal in a first frequency band, and to amplify or pass orprocess a downlink signal in the first frequency band. The uplink anddownlink signals of the first frequency band form a TDD pair. The FDDcircuit is configured to amplify an uplink signal in an uplink portionof a second frequency band, and to amplify a downlink signal in adownlink portion of the second frequency band. The uplink and downlinksignals of the second frequency band form an FDD pair. The radiofrequency signal booster can comprise a wireless router that includesthe TDD circuit; the wireless router can be configured to establish acellular data connection via an antenna, and to provide Wi-Ficonnectivity for the cellular data connection via the TDD circuit. Oneof the following can be shared by both the TDD circuit and the FDDcircuit: a direct current power supply, an alternating current powersupply, a housing, a printed circuit board, one or more diplexers, oneor more radio frequency connectors, a control circuit or processor,radio frequency shielding, internal radio frequency cabling, anamplifier, a duplexer, a multiplexer or radio frequency signal path, anda heat sink.

In another embodiment, a radio frequency signal booster comprises anamplifier path and a frequency division duplex (FDD) circuit. Theamplifier path is configured to amplify, pass, or process a broadcasttelevision band signal in a first frequency band. The frequency divisionduplex (FDD) circuit is configured to amplify an uplink signal in anuplink portion of a second frequency band, and to amplify a downlinksignal in a downlink portion of the second frequency band. The uplinkand downlink signals of the second frequency band form an FDD pair.

In another embodiment, an apparatus comprises a radio frequency signalbooster. The radio frequency signal booster comprises a network signalpath, an uplink cellular signal path, a downlink cellular signal path, abroadcast television signal path, and a shared antenna. The networksignal path is configured to transmit and receive wireless networksignals in a first frequency band. The uplink cellular signal pathcomprises an input and an output and is configured to provide a firstcellular signal path gain and to receive uplink signals of a secondfrequency band. The downlink cellular signal path comprises an input andan output, and is configured to provide a second cellular signal pathgain and to receive downlink signals of a third frequency band. Thebroadcast television signal path comprises an input and an output and isconfigured to provide a broadcast television signal path gain and toreceive broadcast television signals. And the shared antenna iselectrically coupled to at least one of the network signal path, theuplink cellular signal path, and the downlink cellular signal path. Theapparatus can further comprise a wireless router configured to establisha cellular data connection via the shared antenna, and to provide Wi-Ficonnectivity for the cellular data connection via the network signalpath. Also, the wireless router can include an external MiFi™ dongle.

In another embodiment a method of operating a radio frequency signalbooster comprises the following: receiving a network communication fromat least one of an Ethernet or a cellular data input; transmitting thenetwork communication along a wireless network transmission path;receiving a cellular signal; controlling a gain of the cellular signal;transmitting the cellular signal along a cellular transmission path;receiving a broadcast television signal; controlling a gain of thebroadcast television signal; and transmitting the broadcast televisionsignal along a broadcast television transmission path. The sharedantenna is electrically coupled to at least one of the networktransmission path, cellular transmission path, and broadcast televisiontransmission path; and the network communication can be received via asecond antenna electrically coupled to the cellular transmission path.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These drawings and the associated description herein are provided toillustrate specific embodiments of the invention and are not intended tobe limiting.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one example of a combinedtelevision broadcast, Wi-Fi, and mobile network.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency booster showingexternal connections according to an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a signal path schematic diagram of a signal booster for a timedivision duplex (TDD) Wi-Fi signal path, a frequency division duplex(FDD) cellular signal path, and a broadcast television signal pathaccording to one embodiment.

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a first part of a signal booster foruplink and downlink channels for multiple signal paths according to oneembodiment.

FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of a first part of a signal booster foruplink and downlink channels for multiple signal paths according toanother embodiment.

FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram of a second part of the signal booster ofFIGS. 4A and 4B according to one embodiment.

FIGS. 5A-5C illustrate front, top and rear elevational views of a signalbooster according to one embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following detailed description of certain embodiments presentsvarious descriptions of specific embodiments of the invention. However,the invention can be embodied in a multitude of different ways asdefined and covered by the claims. In this description, reference ismade to the drawings where like reference numerals may indicateidentical or functionally similar elements.

A cellular or mobile network can include base stations for communicatingwith wireless devices located within the network's cells. For example,the base stations can transmit signals to wireless devices via adownlink channel and can receive signals from the wireless devices viaan uplink channel. In the case of a network operating using FDD, thedownlink and uplink channels are separate in the frequency domain suchthat the frequency band operates using a pair of frequency channels.Thereby, FDD allows simultaneous transmission of the downlink and uplinkchannel pair.

A Wi-Fi network can include both outdoor and indoor access points forcommunicating with close proximity Wi-Fi enabled devices such as laptopsand smartphones. For example, a Wi-Fi access point can transmit signalsvia a Wi-Fi downlink channel to Wi-Fi enabled devices, such as computersor smartphones, and can receive Wi-Fi signals via a Wi-Fi uplinkchannel. In the case of a Wi-Fi network operating using TDD, thedownlink and uplink channels are separate in the time domain such thatdownlink traffic signals and uplink traffic signals are allocateddifferent time slots within the same frequency band. Time divisionduplexing allows asymmetric flow of downlink and uplink traffic byallocating more time to either the downlink flow or to the uplink flowof signal traffic.

Broadcast television transmission refers to the transmission of radiofrequency television channels within designated frequency bands by atelevision transmitter. The transmitted signal is captured by atelevision antenna, and channels are tuned by a television receiver.

In the case of cellular networks, a wireless device may be unable tocommunicate with any of the base stations when located in a portion ofthe mobile network having poor or weak signal strength. For example, thewireless device may be unable to communicate with a particular basestation when the wireless device and the base station are separated by alarge distance. Additionally, structures such as buildings or mountainscan interfere with the transmission and/or reception of signals sentbetween the wireless device and a base station.

In the case of Wi-Fi networks, a Wi-Fi enabled device may be unable tocommunicate with a Wi-Fi access point when positioned at a distanceoutside the Wi-Fi signal range. The Wi-Fi signal range is determined bythe access point transmitter location and the strength of the Wi-Fisignal. The Wi-Fi enabled device may not be able to receive the downlinksignal if the downlink signal is too weak or if there is physicalinterference, such as part of a building or wall, between the Wi-Fienabled devices and the Wi-Fi access point.

In the case of broadcast television, a television receiver may be unableto receive a television broadcast signal when the television broadcastantenna is too far away from the receiver or when there are physicalbarriers, such as buildings or hillsides, blocking the signal reception.

To improve a Wi-Fi access point, cellular network, broadcast televisionsignal strength, or network signal coverage (range), a separate radiofrequency (RF) signal booster or repeater can serve to amplify eachsignal. For example, the signal booster can serve to amplify or boostsignals having frequencies associated with the frequency ranges of thenetwork's uplink and downlink channels. In certain configurations, asignal booster can serve to provide network coverage inside of astructure, such as a home or building. However, other configurations arepossible, such as implementations in which the signal booster is used toprovide coverage to remote network areas or in which the signal boosteris coupled to a vehicle such as an automobile, bus, or train and used toboost network signals as the vehicle's position changes over time.Solutions to improving or boosting Wi-Fi, cellular network, andbroadcast television signals are typically implemented and controlledseparately. Accordingly, systems for combined boosting of Wi-Fi signals,cellular or mobile signals, and broadcast television signals aredesired.

Provided herein are apparatus and methods for radio frequency signalboosters for cell phone, Wi-Fi, and broadcast television signals. Asignal booster offering a combined solution of boosting Wi-Fi signals,cellular or mobile signals, and broadcast television signals, isdescribed. A signal booster with the capability of boosting Wi-Fisignals, mobile or cellular signals, and broadcast television signals,can be conveniently located within a house for easy access and control.

The signal boosters described herein can serve to boost multiplefrequency bands, thereby improving signal strength for devices usingdifferent communications technologies and/or wireless carriers.Configuring the signal booster in this manner can avoid the cost ofmultiple signal boosters, such as having a specific signal booster foreach frequency band. Additionally, the signal boosters can have reducedcomponent count and/or size, since band-pass filters, amplifiers,attenuators and/or other circuitry can be shared for at least twochannels. Furthermore, the signal boosters described herein can sharepower supply circuits, control circuits, a CPU, heat sink, RF shielding,housing, printed circuit board (PCB), antennas, cables, an alternatingcurrent (AC) power supply, and similar components. Moreover, it canreduce the cost and difficulty of installation, and can facilitate andavail installation.

The signal boosters described herein can use shared components. Forinstance, in certain embodiments a signal booster can include a sharedantenna. The shared antenna can consolidate different signals havingdifferent frequency bands so as to transmit and/or receive the differentsignals via the shared antenna. In other embodiments a signal boostercan also include a shared PCB and a shared power supply.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one example of a mobile network10. The mobile network 10 includes a base station 1 a, a televisionbroadcast antenna 1 b, a network access provider 1 c, a signal booster2, a plurality of mobile devices 3 a-3 c (three shown), a network device4, a plurality of Wi-Fi enabled devices 9 a-9 b (two shown), a broadcasttelevision receiver 6 a, a broadcast television local transmitter 6 b, amonitoring unit 7 a and a dedicated personal computer (PC) 7 b. Inaddition, the signal booster includes a plurality of signal strengthcontrol knobs 8 (7 shown).

The signal booster 2 is electrically coupled to a first antenna 5 a, toa second antenna 5 b, and to a third antenna 5 d. The signal booster 2can retransmit signals to and receive signals from the base station 1 ausing the first antenna 5 a, and can retransmit signals to and receivesignals from the plurality of mobile devices 3 a-3 c and/or the networkdevice 4 using the second antenna 5 b. For example, the signal booster 2can retransmit signals to the base station 1 over one or more uplinkchannels, and can receive signals from the base station 1 over one ormore downlink channels. Additionally, the signal booster 2 canretransmit signals to the plurality of mobiles devices 3 a-3 c and/orthe network device 4 over one or more downlink channels, and can receivesignals from the devices over one or more uplink channels.

The signal booster 2 can retransmit network data to and receive networkdata from the network access provider 1 c using an internal or externalnetwork router or other device such as a Wi-Fi or cellular data modem,and can retransmit signals to and receive signals from the plurality ofWi-Fi enabled devices 9 a-9 b using the second antenna 5 b. In variousembodiments, the network access provider 1 c can be a cellular dataprovider (which can be accessed via a separate antenna or anotherantenna can be shared, for example antennas 5 a and 5 d). In someembodiments, the network access provider 1 c can be a cable or digitalsubscriber link (DSL) Internet provider (which can be accessed via awired network cable such as an Ethernet, coaxial, or phone line). Insome embodiments, the network access provider 1 c can be accessed via anRF cable.

The signal booster 2 can receive signals from the network accessprovider 1 c and retransmit signals from the Wi-Fi enabled devices 9 a-9b. The signals can be transmitted using, for example, any Institute ofElectrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard (such as,for example, 802.11a, b, g, n, ac, and/or ax) with uplink/downlinksignals being duplexed using at least TDD. In certain embodiments thenetwork access provider 1 c can be implemented using a router wirelesslyconnected to the signal booster via Ethernet cable at a port; while inother embodiments the network access provider can be implemented using aWi-Fi or MiFi™ device.

The signal booster 2 can receive broadcast television signals from thebroadcast TV transmitter antenna 1 b using the third antenna 5 d, andcan boost or attenuate the signal for retransmission directly to thebroadcast television receiver 6 a and/or directly to the broadcasttelevision local transmitter 6 b.

The illustrated signal booster 2 includes a personal computer 7 b withthe monitoring unit 7 a to control any aspects of received andtransmitted signals including power level and gain. The power level ofthe received and transmitted signals can be controlled locally orremotely. The monitoring unit 7 a may be used in conjunction with thepersonal computer 7 b to control the signals, for example, byelectronically adjusting signal path gain/attenuation. Alternatively oradditionally, the control knobs 8 can be manually adjusted to controlthe signals.

In one embodiment, the antennas 5 a and 5 d can include outdoor antennaspositioned external to a structure such as a home or building. Theantenna 5 b can include an indoor antenna positioned within thestructure. However, other configurations are possible. In theillustrated configuration, each of the antennas 5 a-5 d are external tothe signal booster 2, and can be connected, using, for example, cables.However, other configurations are possible, including, for example,configurations in which one or more antennas are integrated as part of asignal booster, configurations in which one or more illustrated antennasare omitted, etc. While illustrated with a common housing for boostingall frequency bands of interest, the teachings herein are applicable toconfigurations in which the signal booster 2 is implemented in multiplesboxes or housings that communicate with one another, such as over awireless communication channel at different frequency than the frequencybands the signal booster 2 boosts.

Although FIG. 1 illustrates the signal booster 2 as communicating withone cellular base station and one network access provider, and asreceiving from one television broadcast antenna, the signal booster 2can communicate with multiple cellular base stations and multiplenetwork access providers, and can receive from multiple televisionbroadcast antennae. For example, the signal booster 2 can serve tocommunicate with base stations associated with different cells of anetwork and different wireless access points, and to receive fromtelevision broadcast antennae associated with different TV stations. Forinstance, one television broadcast antenna can be associated with a TVstation transmitting high definition television (HDTV) of one frequencyband, and another television broadcast antenna can be associated with aTV station transmitting HDTV of a second frequency band.

Furthermore, in certain implementations, the signal booster 2 cancommunicate with base stations associated with different networks,including, for example, networks associated with different wirelesscarriers and/or networks associated with different RF frequencies orbands.

For example, the mobile devices 3 a-3 c and/or the network device 4 cancommunicate at least in part over multiple frequency bands, including,for example, cellular Band II, Band IV, Band V, Band XII, Band XIII,and/or a public safety frequency band. For instance, in one example, thefirst mobile device 3 a can operate using Advanced Wireless Services(AWS) (Band IV), the second mobile device 3 b can operate using PersonalCommunication Services (PCS) (Band II), and the third mobile device 3 ccan operate using Cellular (CLR) services (Band V). Furthermore, incertain configurations, all or a subset of the mobile devices 3 a-3 cand/or the network device 4 can communicate using Long Term Evolution(LTE), and may transmit and receive Band XII signals, Band XIII signals,and/or signals associated with other LTE bands. Although specificexamples of frequency bands and communication technologies have beendescribed above, the teachings herein are applicable to a wide range offrequency bands and communications standards.

Accordingly, the signal booster 2 can be configured to boost signalsassociated with multiple frequency bands so as to improve networkreception for each of the mobile devices 3 a-3 c and the network device4. Configuring the signal booster 2 to service multiple frequency bandscan improve network signal strength for multiple devices. For example,the signal booster 2 can improve network signal strength of devicesusing the same or different frequency bands, the same or differentwireless carriers, and/or the same or different wireless technologies.Configuring the signal booster 2 as an all-in-one signal booster canavoid the cost of separate signal boosters for each specific frequencyband and/or wireless carrier. Additionally, configuring the signalbooster 2 as an all-in-one signal booster can also ease and consolidateinstallation, reduce cabling, and/or issues associated with combiningmultiple repeaters.

The plurality of mobile devices 3 a-3 c can represent a wide range ofmobile or portable communication devices, including, for example,multi-band mobile phones or interphones. The network device 4 canrepresent a wide range of other devices configured to communicate overone or more mobile networks, including, for example, computers,televisions, modems, routers, or other electronics. In one embodiment,the network device 4 is another signal booster. Although FIG. 1illustrates the signal booster 2 as communicating with three mobiledevices 3 a-3 c and one network device 4, the signal booster 2 can serveto communicate with more or fewer mobile devices and/or more or fewernetwork devices.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency (RF) booster 2showing external connections according to an embodiment. Externalcomponents include a PC 202 with a monitoring box 204, an indoor antenna206, a television (TV) 208, an outdoor HDTV antenna 218, an outdoorantenna 216, and a network access 211. The PC 202 connects to themonitoring box 204 via a network cable, and the monitoring box 204connects to the RF booster 2 via a data cable. Also, the indoor antenna206, the outdoor HDTV antenna 218, and the outdoor antenna 216 eachconnect to the RF booster 2 with an RF cable. The TV 208 connects to theRF booster 2 via a TV cable, and the network access 211 connects to theRF booster 2 via an RF cable or Ethernet cable.

As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the network access 211 has a DSLor cable modem/wireless router 212, a Wi-Fi antenna 210, and an RFcoupler 214. The RF coupler 214 can provide a replica of a Wi-Fi signalfrom the Wi-Fi antenna 210 to the RF booster via an RF cable. The DSL orcable modem/wireless router 212 can be referred to simply as a Wi-Fimodem 212 with the understanding that it can be an DSL or cable modemand a wireless router.

Alternatively, the Wi-Fi modem 212, the Wi-Fi antenna 210, and the RFcoupler 214 can be replaced by a wireless router providing a direct linkto the RF booster 2 via a cable such as an Ethernet or DSL cable. In thenetwork access 211 the Wi-Fi signal is coupled via an RF cable. Invarious embodiments, the network access 211 can be integrated into ahousing of the booster 2. For example, in some embodiments, the networkaccess 211 can include a wireless router that acts as a mobile Wi-Fihotspot using a cellular data connection that can be integrated, orpartially integrated, into the housing of the booster 2.

The outdoor antenna 216 can also receive signals associated withmultiple bands including LTE-A (AT&T LTE Band), LTE-V, Band XII and/orBand XIII), cellular, PCS, AWS bands, and/or public safety frequencyband; additionally, the outdoor HDTV antenna 218 can receive broadcasttelevision signals.

The RF booster 2 has a plurality of signal strength control knobs 8which allow the end user to adjust the gain of a signal and to observethe signal's status. As shown, there are seven adjustable gain knobs10A-10G with corresponding status indicators 9A-9G. For instance, thegain of broadcast television signals arriving at the outdoor HDTVantenna 218 can be adjusted with the adjustable gain knob 10A so thatthe retransmitted signal is received by the TV 208; while the statusindicator 9A can indicate the presence of an available broadcasttelevision signal.

Similarly, the gain of cellular signals, arriving from outside at theoutdoor antenna 216 or from indoors at the indoor antenna 206 can beadjusted with the adjustable gain knobs 10B-10F depending upon thecellular band of the received cellular signal. For instance, gain of acellular signal of the PCS band, received at either the outdoor antenna216 or the indoor antenna 206, can be adjusted with the gain knob 10E sothat it can be retransmitted at either the indoor antenna 206 or at theoutdoor antenna 216, respectively. The status indicator 9E can indicatethe presence of the cellular signal of the PCS band or automatic gaincontrol (AGC) has been active, or that an oscillation is happening.

Wi-Fi signals received via the RF coupler 214 can be adjusted with thegain knob 10G to be retransmitted at the indoor antenna 206 or Wi-Fisignals received at the indoor antenna 206 can also be adjusted by thegain knob 10G to be retransmitted to the network access 211. The statusindicator 9G can indicate the presence of Wi-Fi signals.

FIG. 3 is a signal path schematic diagram of a signal booster 50 for atime division duplex Wi-Fi signal path, a frequency division duplexcellular signal path, and a broadcast television signal path accordingto one embodiment. The signal booster 50 shows internal and externalcomponents of a signal booster including the following: a network path213, a diplexer 80, a frequency division duplexer 73 a, a frequencydivision duplexer 73 b, a mobile uplink signal path 53, a mobiledownlink signal path 54, a broadcast television signal path 55, anantenna 5 a, an antenna 5 b, an antenna 5 d, an antenna 6 b, atelevision (TV) 6 a, and a control unit 90. The network path 213includes a time division duplexer 70 a, a time division duplexer 70 b,an antenna 5 c, a Wi-Fi uplink signal path 51, and a Wi-Fi downlinksignal path 52. In the following discussion, the mobile uplink/downlinksignal paths 53 and 54 can be referred to as signal paths 53 and 54,respectively. Similarly, the broadcast signal path 55 can be referred toas signal path 55; and the Wi-Fi uplink/downlink signal paths 51 and 52can also be referred to as signal paths 51 and 52, respectively.

As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the Wi-Fi uplink signal path 51and the downlink signal path 52 are connected between the time divisionduplexers 70 a and 70 b. As one of ordinary skill in the art canappreciate, a purpose of the time division duplexers 70 a and 70 b is toallow the transmission of signals in which the volume of traffic canchange drastically from hour to hour. The amount of time allocated foruplink and downlink traffic can be variable; and the ratio of uplinktraffic to downlink traffic can be asymmetric.

The Wi-Fi uplink signal path 51 receives an input signal SI1 from thetime division duplexer 70 a and transmits an output signal SO1 to thetime division duplexer 70 b. The Wi-Fi uplink signal path 51 can providesignal amplification via an amplifier 63 a, filtering via a filter 64 a,and attenuation via an attenuator 65 a. The amount of attenuation oramplification can be adjusted by a control signal from the control unit90. Similarly the Wi-Fi downlink signal path 52 receives an input signalSI2 from the time division duplexer 70 b and transmits an output signalSO2 to the time division duplexer 70 a. The Wi-Fi downlink signal path52 can provide signal amplification via an amplifier 63 b, filtering viaa filter 64 b and attenuation via an attenuator 65 b.

The time division duplexer 70 b can transmit or receive a Wi-Fi antennasignal ST2 at the antenna 5 c. For instance, when the time divisionduplexer 70 b receives the output signal SO1 from the Wi-Fi uplinksignal path 51, the output signal SO1 is transmitted as the Wi-Fiantenna signal ST2 at the antenna 5 c. Also, when the antenna 5 creceives the Wi-Fi antenna signal ST2 from the outside, the timedivision duplexer 70 b provides the Wi-Fi antenna signal ST2 as theinput signal SI2.

Operation of the time division duplexer 70 a is similar to that of thetime division duplexer 70 b. The time division duplexer 70 a cantransmit or receive a Wi-Fi duplex signal ST1 via connection to thediplexer 80. For instance, when the time division duplexer 70 a receivesthe output signal SO2 from the Wi-Fi downlink signal path 52, the outputsignal SO2 is transmitted as the Wi-Fi duplex signal ST1. Or when thediplexer 80 provides the Wi-Fi duplex signal ST1 to the time divisionduplexer 70 a, the time division duplexer 70 a provides the Wi-Fi duplexsignal ST1 as the input signal SI1.

The mobile uplink signal path 53 and the mobile downlink signal path 54are connected between the frequency division duplexers 73 a and 73 b. Asone of ordinary skill in the art can also appreciate, a purpose of thefrequency division duplexers 73 a and 73 b is to allow simultaneoustransmission and reception of uplink and downlink signals havingdifferent frequency bands.

The mobile uplink signal path 53 receives an input signal SI3 from thefrequency division duplexer 73 a and transmits an output signal SO3 tothe frequency division duplexer 73 b. The mobile uplink signal path 53can provide signal amplification via an amplifier 63 c, filtering via afilter 64 c, and attenuation via an attenuator 65 c. Similarly themobile downlink signal path 54 receives an input signal SI5 from thefrequency division duplexer 73 b and transmits an output signal SO5 tothe frequency division duplexer 73 a. The mobile downlink signal path 54can provide signal amplification via an amplifier 63 d, filtering via afilter 64 d, and attenuation via an attenuator 65 d. The amount ofattenuation or amplification can be adjusted by a control signal fromthe control unit 90.

The frequency division duplexer 73 b can simultaneously transmit andreceive mobile signals at the antenna 5 a. For instance, mobile signalsof one frequency band can be received by the antenna 5 a as signal SF2and duplexed by the frequency division duplexer 73 b as the input signalSI5. Also, the output signal SO3, having a non-overlapping frequencyband with that of the input signal SI5, can be transmitted to theantenna 5 a as signal SF2.

Operation of the frequency division duplexer 73 a is similar to that ofthe frequency division duplexer 73 b. The frequency division duplexer 73a can transmit or receive a mobile signal SF1 via connection to thediplexer 80; and transmission of the output signal SO5 to and receptionof the input signal SI3 from the diplexer 80 via signal SF1 can besimilar to that of the output signal SO3 to and the input signal SI5from the antenna 5 a.

The diplexer 80 receives and transmits signals ST1 and SF1 from the timedivision duplexer 70 a and the frequency division duplexer 73 a,respectively. As one of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate, thediplexer 80 can implement frequency domain multiplexing of the signalsST1 and SF1 to the antenna 5 b as signal SD1.

The broadcast television (TV) signal path 55 receives TV input signalsSI4 via antenna 5 d and transmits TV output signals SO4 to an antenna 6b and/or a TV receiver 6 a. The antenna 6 b can be an indoor antenna totransmit the TV signals indoors wirelessly. The broadcast televisionsignal path 55 can provide signal amplification via an amplifier 63 e,filtering via a filter 64 e, and attenuation via an attenuator 65 e.

In one embodiment, the gain of each of the signal paths 51-55 can bevariable up to about 90 dB. In certain configurations, the gain of oneor more of the first to fifth signal paths 51-55 can be externallycontrolled, such as by using one or more switches and/or by usingdigital configuration and with AGC. Although one example of gain valueshas been provided, other configurations are possible.

The attenuators 65 a-65 e can serve to limit signal path gain of thesignal paths 51-55, respectively. For example, it can be desirable toprovide attenuation in one or more of the signal paths 51-55, such as inconfigurations in which one or more of the input signals to the signalpaths has a relatively large amplitude, which can occur when the signalbooster 50 is positioned relatively close to a base station. In oneembodiment, the attenuation of the attenuators 65 a-65 e can becontrolled using one or more processing or control units. For example,one or more embedded CPUs can serve to provide gain control, such asprogrammable gain control. In certain implementations, the attenuators65 a-65 e can be implemented using analog attenuation components. Incertain implementations, the attenuation of the attenuators 65 a-65 ecan be controlled using the monitoring unit 7 a and the dedicatedpersonal computer (PC) 7 b of FIG. 1. However, other configurations arepossible, such as implementations using digital attenuators, such asdigital step attenuators.

The amplifiers 63 a-63 e can serve to increase a signal path gain of thesignal paths 51-55, respectively. The amplifiers can be low noiseamplifiers (LNAs), power amplifiers (Pays), or gain block, or automaticgain control amplifiers (AGCs). In certain implementations a signal pathcan have more than one amplifier; for instance, a signal path can haveboth a LNA and a PA.

The filters 64 a-64 e can serve to filter unwanted frequency componentswithin the signal paths 51-55, respectively. The filters 64 a-64 e canbe band pass filters, high pass filters, low pass filters, or notchfilters. In certain implementations a signal path can have more than onefilter; for instance, a signal path can have both a low pass filter anda band pass filter. In other implementations a signal path can have morethan one band pass filter.

The control circuit 90 can serve to control the operation of thecircuitry of the signal booster 50. For example, in certainimplementations, the control circuit 90 can serve to control the levelof attenuation of the attenuators 65 a-65 e, to control an amount ofamplifier gain of the amplifiers 63 a-63 e, to control the operation ofthe time division duplexers 70 a-70 b, or to provide other controloperations in the signal booster 50 such as, for example, time divisionswitching in the time division duplexers 70 a and 70 b. For clarity ofthe figures, connections and control signals generated by the controlcircuit 90 have been omitted. Additionally, although not illustrated inFIG. 3, the signal booster 50 can include additional circuitry such asdirectional couplers, which can aid the control circuit 90 incontrolling output power levels of the signal paths 51-55. Accordingly,in certain implementations the control circuit 90 can operate to provideautomatic gain control (AGC). The control circuit 90 can also operate toprovide other functionality, including, for example, automaticoscillation detection and/or automatic shutdown to prevent interferencewith base stations.

Also, even though the illustrated embodiment shows the network path 213as having Wi-Fi components, other configurations are possible. Forinstance the network path 213 can include or be a router configured toreceive signals from a DSL modem, or from a cable modem, or from a MiFi™device or any combination of above.

Although various implementations of a signal booster 50 are illustratedin FIG. 3, other configurations are possible. For example, the signalbooster can include more or fewer signal paths, frequency divisionduplexers, time division duplexers, and diplexers. In otherimplementations, fewer or greater antennae can be used to transmit orreceive signals. For instance, the antenna 5 b and the antenna 6 b canbe combined with additional diplexers to form a shared antenna to sharethe broadcast television signals with the signal SD1. Similarly, on theoutdoor side, the antenna a can be combined with the antenna 5 d andshare the same cabling and connectors using a diplexer. In certainembodiments the antenna 5 a and the antenna 5 d can be combined withadditional diplexers to form a shared antenna to share the broadcasttelevision signals with the signal SF2. Additionally, one or more of thesignal paths can be modified to include more or fewer components and/ora different arrangement of components. For example, in certainimplementations, the position of a filter and an attenuator can bereversed in a cascade, the filters can be positioned before theamplifiers in one or more of the cascades, and/or additional componentscan be inserted in the cascade. In certain implementations, signal pathscan include amplifiers placed in parallel, and signal paths can includedetectors to measure signal strength.

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a first part 95 of a signal boosterfor uplink and downlink channels for multiple signal paths according toone embodiment. The first part 95 of the signal booster includes a firstsignal path 101, a second signal path 102, a third signal path 103, afourth signal path 104, a fifth signal path 105, and a sixth signal path106. In various embodiments, the first signal path 101 can correspond tothe signal path 51 of FIG. 3. The second signal path 102 can correspondto the signal path 52 of FIG. 3. Any of the third through sixth signalpaths 103-106 can correspond to one of the signal paths 53-54 of FIG. 3.The first part 95 of the signal booster further includes a first timedivision duplexer 122 a, a second time division duplexer 122 b, a firstfrequency division duplexer 127 a, a second frequency division duplexer127 b, a third frequency division duplexer 130 a, a fourth frequencydivision duplexer 130 b, and a first diplexer 142.

The first time division duplexer 122 a includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a first signal path input of the first signalpath 101, a second terminal electrically connected to a second signalpath output of the second signal path 102, and a third terminalelectrically connected to a first terminal of the first diplexer 142.The second time division duplexer 122 b includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a first signal path output of the first signalpath 101, a second terminal electrically connected to a second signalpath input of the second signal path 102, and a third terminal. A timedivision control circuit 123 includes an up control logic port Cup and adown control logic port Cdn each electrically connected to the first andsecond time division duplexers 122 a, 122 b.

The first frequency division duplexer 127 a includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a third signal path input of the third signalpath 103, a second terminal electrically connected to a fourth signalpath output of the fourth signal path 104, and a third terminal. Thesecond frequency division duplexer 127 b includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a third signal path output of the third signalpath 103, a second terminal electrically connected to a fourth signalpath input of the fourth signal path 104, and a third terminal. Thethird frequency division duplexer 130 a includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a fifth signal path input of the fifth signalpath 105, a second terminal electrically connected to a sixth signalpath output of the sixth signal path 106, and a third terminal. Thefourth frequency division duplexer 130 b includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a fifth signal path output of the fifth signalpath 105, a second terminal electrically connected to a sixth signalpath input of the sixth signal path 106, and a third terminal.

The first to sixth signal paths 101-106 further include differentcircuit connection methodologies such as parallel connected amplifiersand include additional sensing elements such as signal power detectors.

In FIG. 4A the first signal path 101 can receive a Wi-Fi uplink channelsignal, the second signal path 102 can receive a Wi-Fi downlink channelsignal, the third signal path 103 can receive a mobile AWS uplinkchannel signal, the fourth signal path 104 can receive a mobile AWSdownlink channel signal, the fifth signal path 105 can receive a mobilePCS uplink channel signal, and the sixth signal path 106 can receive amobile PCS downlink channel signal. The third terminal of the secondtime division duplexer 122 b can be electrically connected to a Wi-Fireceiver antenna, and the third terminal of the first diplexer 142 canbe electrically connected to an RF local transceiver antenna, where theRF local transceiver antenna can be a shared antenna. In certainimplementations the first part 95 of the signal booster can be a firstprinted circuit board.

Also as shown in FIG. 4A, the first signal path 101, the second signalpath 102, the first time division duplexer 122 a, the second timedivision duplexer 122 b, a Wi-Fi control section 123, and a coupler 422a are delineated as a network unit 198. In the network unit 198, theWi-Fi control section 123 can provide uplink and downlink control ofWi-Fi signals and can receive control via connections to control signalports Cdn and Cup.

In certain configurations fewer or greater time division duplexers canbe used. In other configurations a time division duplexer can includeadditional RF components including a switch and/or a circulator. FIG. 4Bis also schematic diagram of a first part 95 of a signal booster foruplink and downlink channels for multiple signal paths according toanother embodiment. The first part 95 of FIG. 4B is similar to the firstpart 95 of FIG. 4A except network unit 198 of FIG. 4B is different. Asshown in FIG. 4B, the network unit 198 has a router 199. The router 199receives a network signal D and is connected directly to the diplexer142 to transmit and receive network signals from indoors. The router 199can be a Wi-Fi router or a MiFi™. MiFi™ is a brand name used to describea wireless router that acts as mobile Wi-Fi hotspot, for example using acellular data connection. MiFi™ can have an internal modem or can havean external 4G dongle modem. The network signal D can be connected bymeans of a network cable such as an Ethernet cable. In some embodiments,the network signal D can include a cellular data connection via aseparate antenna, or received via the external antenna (for example,received from the third diplexer 139 b). In certain embodiments when theDSL modem is integrated inside the signal booster, then the networksignal D can be connected by an DSL cable. In certain embodiments therouter 199 can be a 3G/4G router allowing connection through long termevolution (LTE) or similar commercial services.

FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram a second part 96 of the signal boosterfor uplink and downlink channels for multiple signal paths according toone embodiment. The second part 96 of the signal booster includes aseventh signal path 107, an eighth signal path 108, a ninth signal path109, a tenth signal path 110, an eleventh signal path 111, and a twelfthsignal path 112. In various embodiments, any of the seventh througheleventh signal paths 107-111 can correspond to one of the signal paths53-54 of FIG. 3. The twelfth signal path 112 can correspond to thesignal path 55 of FIG. 3. The second part 96 of the signal boosterfurther includes a fifth frequency division duplexer 133 a, a sixthfrequency division duplexer 133 b, a seventh frequency division duplexer136 a, an eighth frequency division duplexer 136 b, a second diplexer139 a, and a third diplexer 139 b.

The fifth frequency division duplexer 133 a includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a seventh signal path input of the seventhsignal path 107, a second terminal electrically connected to an eightsignal path input of the eighth signal path, and a third terminal. Thesixth frequency division duplexer 133 b includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a seventh signal path output of the seventhsignal path, a second terminal electrically connected to an eighthsignal path output of the eighth signal path, and a third terminal.

The seventh frequency division duplexer 136 a includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a tenth signal path input of the tenth signalpath 110, a second terminal electrically connected to an eleventh signalpath output of the eleventh signal path 111, and a third terminal. Theeighth frequency division duplexer 136 b includes a first terminalelectrically connected to a tenth signal path output of the tenth signalpath 110, a second terminal electrically connected to an eleventh signalpath input of the eleventh signal path 111, and a third terminal.

As shown in both FIGS. 4A and 4B, the second diplexer 139 a includes afirst terminal electrically connected to the third terminal of the firstfrequency division duplexer 127 a and to the third terminal of the thirdfrequency division duplexer 130 a via connection B. The second diplexer139 a further includes a third terminal electrically connected to asecond terminal of the first diplexer 142 via connection A. The seconddiplexer additionally includes a second terminal electrically connectedto the third terminal of the fifth frequency division duplexer 133 a, toa ninth signal path output of the ninth signal path 109, and to thethird terminal of the seventh frequency division duplexer 136 a. Thesecond diplexer 139 a additionally includes a third terminal. The thirddiplexer 139 b includes a first terminal electrically connected to thethird terminal of the second frequency division duplexer 127 b and tothe third terminal of the fourth frequency division duplexer 130 b viaconnection C. The third diplexer 139 b further includes a secondterminal electrically connected to the third terminal of the sixthfrequency division duplexer 133 b, to a ninth signal path input of theninth signal path 109, and to the third terminal of the eighth frequencydivision duplexer 136 b. The third diplexer 139 b additionally includesa third terminal.

The seventh to twelfth signal paths 107-112 include differentcombinations of components, such as amplifiers, attenuators, andfilters, selected to achieve an overall signal path gain characteristicdesirable for a particular band. Also, the seventh to twelfth signalpaths 107-112 further include different circuit connection methodologiessuch as parallel connected amplifiers and include additional sensingelements such as signal power detectors.

In one embodiment of FIG. 4C the seventh signal path 107 can receive afirst mobile LTE uplink channel signal, the eighth signal path 108 canreceive a second mobile LTE uplink signal, the ninth signal path 109 canreceive a mobile LTE downlink channel signal, the tenth signal path 110can receive a mobile cellular uplink signal, the eleventh signal path111 can receive a mobile cellular downlink channel signal, and thetwelfth signal path 112 can receive a broadcast television channelsignal. In certain embodiments the twelfth signal path 112 can receiveHDTV signals. Additionally, the third terminal of the third diplexer 139b can be electrically connected to an RF antenna. The second part 96 ofthe signal booster can be a second printed circuit board.

In certain embodiments the shared antenna can share the Wi-Fi, AWS, PCS,LTE, cellular and/or public safety signals. In other embodiments theHDTV signals can be diplexed with the shared antenna so that the sharedantenna further includes HDTV or broadcast TV signals. In certainembodiments WiFi signals can also be transmitted to outdoors and evenshare an outdoor antenna for cellular signals through a diplexer.

In certain embodiments the first part 95 of the signal booster of FIG.4A or FIG. 4B can include a first printed circuit board configured toreceive signals of a frequency greater than or equal to a thresholdfrequency; and the second part 96 of the signal booster 98 of FIG. 4Ccan include a second printed circuit board configured to receive signalsof a frequency less than the threshold frequency. For example, invarious embodiments, the threshold frequency can be an upper or lowerbound of any of the Bands I-XIII discussed herein. In other embodimentsthe first part 95 and the second part 96 of the signal booster includeonly one printed circuit board.

Although FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate one example of a signal booster inaccordance with the teachings herein, other configurations are possible.For example, the teachings herein are applicable to configurations inwhich the signal booster boosts more or fewer bands or a differentcombination of bands.

The public safety frequency bands include a 700 Megahertz public safetyfrequency band, and/or a 800 Megahertz public safety frequency band,and/or a 900 Megahertz public safety frequency band in the U.S. FIGS.5A-5C illustrates various views of a signal booster 200 according to oneembodiment. In various embodiments, the signal booster 200 cancorrespond with any of the signal boosters discussed herein, such as thesignal booster 2 of FIG. 1, the signal booster within the signal booster50 of FIG. 3, and the signal booster of FIGS. 4A-4C. The signal booster200 includes a plurality of signal strength control knobs 8, an serialport 14, a first broadcast television signal input connector 576 a, afirst broadcast television signal output connector 576 b, a secondbroadcast television output connector 576 c, a first Wi-Fi signal inputconnector 526 c, a first mobile or cellular signal input connector 541c, a first RF signal connector 543 c, and an on/off switch 590.

With reference to FIG. 1, in certain embodiments the serial port 14 canbe electrically connected to the monitoring unit 7 a and the PC 7 b. Thefirst broadcast television signal input connector 576 a can beelectrically connected to the third antenna 5 d; the first and secondbroadcast television output connectors 576 b, 576 c can be connected tothe broadcast television receiver 6 a and/or to the broadcast televisionlocal transmitter 6 b, respectively. The first mobile or cellular signalinput connector 541 c can be connected to the first antenna 5 a. Thefirst RF signal connector 543 c can be connected to the second antenna 5b.

Applications

Some of the embodiments described above have provided examples inconnection with radio frequency signal boosters. However, the principlesand advantages of the embodiments can be used in other suitable systemsor apparatus.

CONCLUSION

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout thedescription and the claims, the words “comprise,” “comprising,” and thelike are to be construed in an inclusive sense, as opposed to anexclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of“including, but not limited to.” The word “coupled”, as generally usedherein, refers to two or more elements that may be either directlyconnected, or connected by way of one or more intermediate elements.Likewise, the word “connected”, as generally used herein, refers to twoor more elements that may be either directly connected, or connected byway of one or more intermediate elements. Additionally, the words“herein,” “above,” “below,” and words of similar import, when used inthis application, shall refer to this application as a whole and not toany particular portions of this application. Where the context permits,words in the above Detailed Description using the singular or pluralnumber may also include the plural or singular number respectively. Theword “or” in reference to a list of two or more items, that word coversall of the following interpretations of the word: any of the items inthe list, all of the items in the list, and any combination of the itemsin the list.

Moreover, conditional language used herein, such as, among others,“can,” “could,” “might,” “can,” “e.g.,” “for example,” “such as” and thelike, unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understoodwithin the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certainembodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certainfeatures, elements and/or states. Thus, such conditional language is notgenerally intended to imply that features, elements and/or states are inany way required for one or more embodiments or that one or moreembodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or withoutauthor input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/orstates are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.

The above detailed description of embodiments of the invention is notintended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise formdisclosed above. While specific embodiments of, and examples for, theinvention are described above for illustrative purposes, variousequivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the invention,as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. For example, whileprocesses or blocks are presented in a given order, alternativeembodiments may perform routines having steps, or employ systems havingblocks, in a different order, and some processes or blocks may bedeleted, moved, added, subdivided, combined, and/or modified. Each ofthese processes or blocks may be implemented in a variety of differentways. Also, while processes or blocks are at times shown as beingperformed in series, these processes or blocks may instead be performedin parallel, or may be performed at different times.

The teachings of the invention provided herein can be applied to othersystems, not only the system described above. The elements and acts ofthe various embodiments described above can be combined to providefurther embodiments.

While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, theseembodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are notintended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Indeed, the novel methodsand systems described herein may be embodied in a variety of otherforms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in theform of the methods and systems described herein may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit of the disclosure. The accompanying claims andtheir equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications aswould fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. An electronic system for boosting time divisionduplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) signals, the electronicsystem comprising: a signal booster comprising: a diplexer configured toreceive an FDD uplink signal and a TDD uplink signal from a cable, andto output the FDD uplink signal at a first terminal of the diplexer andthe TDD uplink signal at a second terminal of the diplexer; a TDDcircuit including a first TDD duplexer configured to receive the TDDuplink signal, a second TDD duplexer configured to output an amplifiedTDD uplink signal, a TDD uplink signal path having an input connected tothe first TDD duplexer and an output connected to the second TDDduplexer, and a TDD downlink signal path having an input connected tothe second TDD duplexer and an output connected to the first TDDduplexer; and an FDD circuit including a first FDD duplexer configuredto receive the FDD uplink signal, a second FDD duplexer configured tooutput an amplified FDD uplink signal, an FDD uplink signal path havingan input connected to the first FDD duplexer and an output connected tothe second FDD duplexer, and an FDD downlink signal path having an inputconnected to the second FDD duplexer and an output connected to thefirst FDD duplexer.
 2. The electronic system of claim 1, furthercomprising: a first antenna configured to transmit the amplified TDDuplink signal; and a second antenna configured to transmit the amplifiedFDD uplink signal.
 3. The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the TDDdownlink signal path is configured to receive a TDD downlink signal fromthe second TDD duplexer, and to provide an amplified TDD downlink signalto the cable by way of the first TDD duplexer and the diplexer.
 4. Theelectronic system of claim 3, wherein the FDD downlink signal path isconfigured to receive an FDD downlink signal from the second FDDduplexer, and to provide an amplified FDD downlink signal to the cableby way of the first FDD duplexer and the diplexer.
 5. The electronicsystem of claim 4, wherein the TDD downlink signal and the TDD uplinksignal form a TDD pair of a first frequency band, wherein the FDDdownlink signal and the FDD uplink signal form an FDD pair of a secondfrequency band.
 6. The electronic system of claim 4, further comprising:a first antenna configured to transmit the amplified TDD uplink signaland to receive the TDD downlink signal; and a second antenna configuredto transmit the amplified FDD uplink signal and to receive the FDDdownlink signal.
 7. The electronic system of claim 1, wherein the signalbooster further comprises at least one control knob configured tocontrol a power level of the signal booster.
 8. The electronic system ofclaim 1, wherein the FDD circuit and the TDD circuit share a printedcircuit board (PCB) and a power supply.
 9. The electronic system ofclaim 1, wherein the TDD uplink signal path, the TDD downlink signalpath, the FDD uplink signal path, and the FDD downlink signal path eachcomprise at least one amplifier, at least one attenuator, and at leastone filter.
 10. The electronic system of claim 1, further comprising acommon housing for the diplexer, the TDD circuit, and the FDD circuit.11. The electronic system of claim 1, wherein at least one of thefollowing are shared by both the TDD circuit and the FDD circuit: adirect current power supply, an alternating current power supply, ahousing, a printed circuit board, one or more diplexers, one or moreradio frequency connectors, a control circuit or processor, radiofrequency shielding, internal radio frequency cabling, an amplifier, aduplexer, a multiplexer or radio frequency signal path, and a heat sink.12. An electronic system for boosting time division duplex (TDD) andfrequency division duplex (FDD) signals, the electronic systemcomprising: a signal booster comprising: a TDD circuit including a firstTDD duplexer, a second TDD duplexer configured to receive a TDD downlinksignal, a TDD uplink signal path having an input connected to the firstTDD duplexer and an output connected to the second TDD duplexer, and aTDD downlink signal path having an input connected to the second TDDduplexer and an output connected to the first TDD duplexer; an FDDcircuit including a first FDD duplexer, a second FDD duplexer configuredto receive an FDD downlink signal, an FDD uplink signal path having aninput connected to the first FDD duplexer and an output connected to thesecond FDD duplexer, and an FDD downlink signal path having an inputconnected to the second FDD duplexer and an output connected to thefirst FDD duplexer; and a diplexer configured to receive an amplifiedTDD downlink signal from the first TDD duplexer at a first terminal andto receive an amplified FDD downlink signal from the first FDD duplexerat a second terminal, the diplexer further configured to output theamplified TDD downlink signal and the amplified FDD downlink signal to acable.
 13. The electronic system of claim 12, further comprising: afirst antenna configured to provide the TDD downlink signal to thesecond TDD duplexer; and a second antenna configured to provide the FDDdownlink signal to the FDD duplexer.
 14. The electronic system of claim12, wherein the TDD uplink signal path is configured to receive a TDDuplink signal from the first terminal of the diplexer by way of thefirst TDD duplexer, and to provide an amplified TDD uplink signal to thesecond TDD duplexer.
 15. The electronic system of claim 14, wherein theFDD uplink signal path is configured to receive an FDD uplink signalfrom the second terminal of the diplexer by way of the first FDDduplexer, and to provide an amplified FDD uplink signal to the secondFDD duplexer.
 16. The electronic system of claim 15, wherein the TDDdownlink signal and the TDD uplink signal form a TDD pair of a firstfrequency band, wherein the FDD downlink signal and the FDD uplinksignal form an FDD pair of a second frequency band.
 17. The electronicsystem of claim 12, wherein the FDD circuit and the TDD circuit share aprinted circuit board (PCB) and a power supply.
 18. The electronicsystem of claim 12, wherein the TDD uplink signal path, the TDD downlinksignal path, the FDD uplink signal path, and the FDD downlink signalpath each comprise at least one amplifier, at least one attenuator, andat least one filter.
 19. The electronic system of claim 12, furthercomprising a common housing for the diplexer, the TDD circuit, and theFDD circuit.
 20. The electronic system of claim 12, wherein at least oneof the following are shared by both the TDD circuit and the FDD circuit:a direct current power supply, an alternating current power supply, ahousing, a printed circuit board, one or more diplexers, one or moreradio frequency connectors, a control circuit or processor, radiofrequency shielding, internal radio frequency cabling, an amplifier, aduplexer, a multiplexer or radio frequency signal path, and a heat sink.